In-wheel motor design for electric vehicles

In this work an in-wheel electric motor prototype has been designed for experimental purposes. In-Wheel Motor (Hub motor) can be used in electric cars with 4 wheel independent drive configuration. Within every wheel, there can be one “Direct-Drive In-Wheel Motor” to generate the necessary torque per wheel. Unlike conventional “central drive unit” systems, torque as well as the power and speed can be supplied to each tire independently. The difference in this work is the design of a direct drive electric motor which is able to carry transverse loading acts on a tire. Type of the motor is called inverted configuration or outer rotor structure in the literature. The electric machine designed in this work is Switched Reluctance Machine. First a 3D solid model was created. Necessary strength analyses have been done. Simultaneously, electromagnetic FEA has been done, when it is necessary either of the designs were modified until it converged to a set of consistent dimensions for both mechanic and electromagnetic design. Last, the results of the electromagnetic analysis were embedded into a hybrid simulation model, in order to check the coherency between the design and the analysis. The results were coherent

In-wheel motor design for electric vehicles

In this thesis an in-wheel electric motor prototype has been designed for experimental purposes. In-Wheel Motor (Hub motor) can be used in electric cars with 4 wheel independent drive configuration. Within every wheel, there can be one "Direct- Drive In-Wheel Motor" to generate the necessary torque per wheel. Unlike conventional "central drive unit" systems, torque as well as the power and speed can be supplied to each tyre independently. The difference in this work is the design of a direct drive electric motor which is able to carry transverse loading acts on the tyre. Type of the motor is called inverted configuration or outer rotor structure in the literature, in which the rotating element is the casing of the motor. The electric machine designed in the thesis is Switched Reluctance Machine. First a 3D solid model was created. Necessary strength analyses have been done. Simultaneously, electromagnetic FEA have been done, when it is necessary either of the designs were modified until it converged to a set of consistent dimensions for both mechanic and electromagnetic design. Last, the results of the electromagnetic analysis were embedded into a hybrid simulation model, in order to check the coherency between the design and the analysis. The results were coherent

A versatile and reconfigurable microassembly workstation

In this paper, a versatile and reconfigurable microassembly workstation designed and realized as a research tool for investigation of the problems in microassembly and micromanipulation processes and recent developments on mechanical and control structure of the system with respect to the previous workstation are presented. These developments include: (i) addition of a manipulator system to realize more complicated assembly and manipulation tasks, (ii) addition of extra DOF for the vision system and sample holder stages in order to make the system more versatile (iii) a new optical microscope as the vision system in order to visualize the microworld and determine the position and orientation of micro components to be assembled or manipulated, (iv) a modular control system hardware which allows handling more DOF. In addition several experiments using the workstation are presented in different modes of operation like tele-operated, semiautomated and fully automated by means of visual based schemes

Mikro montaj İş İstasyonu

Bu makalede, mikro boyuttaki komponentlerin verimli ve güvenilir montajı için açık-mimarili, tekrar yapılandırılabilir bir mikromontaj iş istasyonu sunulmaktadır. Bu iş istasyonu mikro dünyadaki problemlerin çözümlendirilmesine yardımcı olmak amacıyla bir araştırma aracı olarak tasarlanmıştır. Böyle bir iş istasyonunun geliştirilmesi aşağıdaki alt sistemlerin tasarımını içermektedir: (i) montaj görevlerininin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için yeterli hareket menzilini ve hassasiyeti sağlayabilecek hareket platformlarından oluşan bir manipülatör sistemi, (ii) mikro dünyanın görselleştirilmesini ve montajı yapılacak olan mikro parçaların konum ve yönelimlerini belirleyebilmek için bir görü sistemi, (iii) dayanıklı bir denetleme sistemi ve bunlara ek olarak manipülasyon araçlarının kolayca değişmesine olanak sağlayan ve sistemin önceden belirlenmiş göreve hazır hale getirilmesine yardımcı olacak uç takımlar için gerekli fikstürler. Ayrıca sistemde kumandalı ve yarı otomatik montaj uygulamaları da gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tasarım mikro parça manipülasyonu içeren çeşitli uygulamalar yapılarak test edilmiştir. İş istasyonunun çok yönlülüğü ve yüksek doğrulukta konumlama yeteneği yapılan deneylerle gösterilmiştir

Çok Yönlü ve Tekrar Yapılandırılabilir Mikro Montaj İş İstasyonu

Bu makalede, mikro montaj ve mikro manipülasyon süreçlerindeki sorunların incelenmesi amacıyla bir araştırma aracı olarak tasarlanan ve geliştirilen çok yönlü ve tekrar yapılandırılabilir mikro montaj iş istasyonu ve yine aynı grup tarafından geliştirilen bir önceki sistem üzerinde mekanik ve denetim yapıları açısından yapılan geliştirmeler sunulmaktadır. Bu geliştirmeler; (i) daha karmaşık montaj ve manipülasyon işlemlerinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için ek bir manipülatör modülünün eklenmesi, (ii) sistemi daha yetenekli kılabilmek için görü sistemi ve numune taşıyıcı platformlarına ek hareket serbestlik derecesi eklenmesi (iii) mikro dünyanın görüntülenmesi ve montajı yapılacak veya manipüle edilecek parçaların konum ve yönelimlerinin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla görü sistemi olarak yeni bir optik mikroskobun eklenmesi (iv) daha fazla serbestlik derecesinin denetimini sağlayabilmek amacıyla varolan sistemin daha modüler bir denetim sistemi donanımı ile değiştirilmesi gibi unsurları içermektedir. Ayrıca sistemde kumandalı, yarı otomatik ve görü bazlı yöntemler aracılığı ile tamamen otomatik çalışma modlarında yapılan deney sonuçları da sunulmaktadır

Axillary Artery Transection After Shoulder Dislocation

Axillary artery transection after shoulder dislocation without bone fracture is extremely rare. Early diagnosis, use of the occlusion balloon for proximal control of axillary artery bleeding, and surgical treatment are important to avoid morbidity and mortality. A 74-year old man presented with a complete transection of axillary artery associated with anterior dislocation of the shoulder without bone fracture. Left axillary artery transection was seen on angiography. An angioplasty balloon was used to prevent bleeding from the subclavian artery. The brachial plexus was compressed by a hematoma. Axillary artery repair was performed with an autologous reversed saphenous vein graft interposition. The patient had palpable distal pulses post-operatively. Motor function was significantly improved but still impaired in the postoperative period. Follow-up at 3 months showed good function of the left arm. Successful management of axillary artery injuries requires prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment. Neurologic injury may affect the functional outcome of the limb

The Score For Allergic Rhinitis study in Turkey

WOS: 000295541500016PubMed ID: 22186248Background: The clinical definition of allergic rhinitis (AR) is difficult to use in epidemiological settings of large populations where it is impossible to obtain the laboratory evidence of each immune response. However, the standardization of the definition of AR in epidemiological studies is of crucial importance. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of AR in an adult general population with respect to seven distinct geographical regions in Turkey. Methods: Individuals were evaluated with the Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire for a national cross-sectional study. The Turkish version of the SFAR questionnaire was tested for clarity and sensitivity in a small sample of the general population. Results: Among the 3967 interviewed subjects, the overall prevalence of AR was 29.6%, with regional variations (from 21.0% in the southeastern Anatolia region to 36.1% in the Marmara region). The prevalence was higher in women and in urban area of residence. Conclusion: This national survey confirmed the elevated prevalence of AR in Turkey. Our findings may contribute to the formulation of the public health policy and development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for AR in eastern Europe. (Am J Rhinol Allergy 25, 333-337, 2011; doi: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3665